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Alex73 [517]
3 years ago
13

Put the following in order of size, from smallest to largest chromosome, gene; base pair

Biology
1 answer:
Liono4ka [1.6K]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The correct order of size - base pair < gene < chromosome.

Explanation:

Nitrogen base-pair attaches with the phosphate group and a sugar molecule to form a building block of DNA or nucleic acids. Nucleic acids make the gene is the physical and functional unit of hereditary that takes the information from parent cells to daughter cells.

Chromosomes are a structure that appears thread-like and makes the genome with different chromosomes. These structures are made up of wrapped DNA or genes around histone proteins.

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Explain how we know that DNA breaks and rejoins during recombination.
alisha [4.7K]

Answer:

It occurs through homologous recombination

Explanation:

GENERAL RECOMBINATION OR HOMOLOGIST

           Previously we defined its general characteristics. We will now describe a molecular model of this recombination, based on the classic Meselson and Radding, modified with the latest advances. Do not forget that we are facing a model, that is, a hypothetical proposal to explain a set of experimental data. Not all points of this model are fully clarified or demonstrated:

           Suppose we have an exogenote and an endogenote, both consisting of double helices. In recombination models, the exogenote is usually referred to as donor DNA, and the endogenote as recipient DNA.

1) Start of recombination: Homologous recombination begins with an endonucleotide incision in one of the donor double helix chains. Responsible for this process is the nuclease RecBCD (= nuclease V), which acts as follows: it is randomly attached to the donor's DNA, and moves along the double helix until it finds a characteristic sequence called c

Once the sequence is recognized, the RecBCD nuclease cuts to 4-6 bases to the right (3 'side) of the upper chain (as we have written above). Then, this same protein, acting now as a helicase, unrolls the cut chain, causing a zone of single-stranded DNA (c.s. DNA) to move with its 3 ’free end

2) The gap left by the displaced portion of the donor cut chain is filled by reparative DNA synthesis.

3) The displaced single chain zone of the donor DNA is coated by subunits of the RecA protein (at the rate of one RecA monomer per 5-10 bases). Thus, that simple chain adopts an extended helical configuration.

4) Assimilation or synapse: This is the key moment of action of RecA. Somehow, the DNA-bound RecA c.s. The donor facilitates the encounter of the latter with the complementary double helix part of the recipient, so that in principle a triple helix is formed. Then, with the hydrolysis of ATP, RecA facilitates that the donor chain moves to the homologous chain of the receptor, and therefore matches the complementary one of that receptor. In this process, the chain portion of the donor's homologous receptor is displaced, causing the so-called "D-structure".

It is important to highlight that this process promoted by RecA depends on the donor and the recipient having great sequence homology (from 100 to 95%), and that these homology segments are more than 100 bases in length.

Note that this synapse involves the formation of a portion of heteroduplex in the double receptor helix: there is an area where each chain comes from a DNA c.d. different parental (donor and recipient).

5) It is assumed that the newly displaced chain of the recipient DNA (D-structure) is digested by nucleases.

6) Covalent union of the ends originating in the two homologous chains. This results in a simple cross-linking whereby the two double helices are "tied." The resulting global structure is called the Holliday structure or joint.

7) Migration of the branches: a complex formed by the RuvA and RuvB proteins is attached to the crossing point of the Holliday structure, which with ATP hydrolysis achieve the displacement of the Hollyday crossing point: in this way the portion of heteroduplex in both double helices.

8) Isomerization: to easily visualize it, imagine that we rotate the two segments of one of the DNA c.d. 180o with respect to the cross-linking point, to generate a flat structure that is isomeric from the previous one ("X structure").

9) Resolution of this structure: this step is catalyzed by the RuvC protein, which cuts and splices two of the chains cross-linked at the Hollyday junction. The result of the resolution may vary depending on whether the chains that were not previously involved in the cross-linking are cut and spliced, or that they are again involved in this second cutting and sealing operation:

a) If the cuts and splices affect the DNA chains that were not previously involved in the cross-linking, the result will be two reciprocal recombinant molecules, where each of the 4 chains are recombinant (there has been an exchange of markers between donor and recipient)

b) If the cuts and splices affect the same chains that had already participated in the first cross-linking, the result will consist of two double helices that present only two portions of heteroduplex DNA.

8 0
3 years ago
Could someone help me in this question? ty :)
tekilochka [14]
I think zoe because you can’t just test which one is the best it’s too broad to investigate
6 0
2 years ago
Can you describe how a researcher might use naturalistic observation, case studies, and survey research to investigate gender di
Sati [7]

Answer:

The specification of the circumstance is characterized underneath in the interpretation category.

Explanation:

  • To continue investigating differences between men and women throughout the aggressive behavior of employees, a research scientist can use observation methods, research papers, or observational studies.
  • The naturalistic observation was being used without people's awareness to classify the actions of persons throughout the natural world. In this, the researcher examines individuals for some violent actions and often examines gender disparities throughout this workplace climate with aggressive behavior.
  • Throughout the case research, the researcher does a throughout-depth study on gender disparities mostly in current workplace violent behavior. Here also, not only would the researcher observe the behavior, and address questions about the gender gaps between the departments.
  • The investigator focuses on collecting information about the number, spread, and interrelationships of gender disparities throughout the large population through survey studies.

Hypothesis:

  • <u>Research hypothesis (H1): </u>There seems to be a correlation among both gender differences but instead aggressive performance in the workplace.
  • <u>Null hypothesis (H0):</u> There seems to be no correlation regarding disparities in gender as well as violent work performance.

Research approach:

Qualitative descriptive research design could be employed throughout the descriptive research. In all of this, more attention is put on gathering knowledge about prevalence as well as the interconnection of gender disparities with occupational violent behavior. In this, this same data will be gathered by face-to-face interviews, questionnaires on genetic factors, and occupational hostile behavior.

5 0
3 years ago
The topic of Transportation system
Mice21 [21]

The answer is Transportation systems can be conceptualized as a set of relationships between nodes, networks, and demand. These relationships include places that spatially express that demand, flows between them, and infrastructure designed to manage and connect those flows. All  components of a transportation system are designed to facilitate the movement of passengers, cargo and information, either as separate components or together.

demand. A derived function for the mobility of people, cargo, and information for a variety of socioeconomic activities. Node. Where movements begin, end and pass through (mediation), entry or exit points in a transportation system. They vary according to the geographical scale considered, from local nodes (e.g. a subway station) to global nodes (e.g. port or airport terminals).

networks. Consisting of a set of links expressing the connectivity between places and the capacity to handle volumes of passengers or cargo.Locations. Nodes where demand is expressed as a point of origin, destination, or  transit. The level of spatial accumulation of socioeconomic activities (production and consumption) collectively defines demand and where that demand is produced.

streams. The amount of traffic in a network made up of nodes and links. This is collectively a function of  demand and the ability of chains to support it.

infrastructures. Means of transportation such as highways and terminals express the physical reality of a network and are designed to handle demand with specific characteristics in terms of volume and frequency. The facilities that provide access to a network are collectively characterized by their centrality and the links they emanate.

To more know about Transportation system, visit:

https://brainly.in/question/5717580

#QWER

3 0
1 year ago
How should “free water” have been administered to the patient?
Firdavs [7]

Answer: Via ice chips or water, although not appropriate for all patients.

Explanation:

Patient is allowed to drink water btwn meals (beginning a minimum of 30 mins after meals); oral care must be done prior to consuming water; patient should be upright and use appropriate swallowing strategies.

3 0
3 years ago
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