<span>Serous Membrane
This is a thin film that lines the interior body depressions and organs, for example, the heart, lungs, and stomach cavity. The thin film is comprised of mesothelium tissue which starts from the mesoderm. The serous film takes into consideration frictionless motion in various indispensable organs.</span>
Answer:
variation
Explanation:
Genetic variation is what makes us all unique as a result of subtle changes in our DNA. The Theory of Evolution is a process in which organisms change over time as a result of adapting to their environment. Charles Darwin came up with the term Survival of the fittest, in any environment plants and animals from the same species show natural variation in their physical characteristics, like neck lengths in giraffes. Darwin suggested that the plants and animals best suited to the environment will survive and pass on their characteristics to their offspring. Over time, the characteristics of the surviving members of the species will become predominant.
Example: Peppered moth
In London in the 1800's, 98% of peppered moths had light colored bodies and only 2% were dark. The light moths were the same color as the trees so they could easily hide from hungry birds and not get eaten. The dark moths however were easy to see and were eaten. Then came the factories and smoke of the industrial evolution and many trees turned black with soot and suddenly the dark moths were able to survive better as they now looked like the trees and the light colored moths were easier to spot and eat. By 1895 the dark peppered moths made up 95% of the population and the light colored moths only 5%. This is an example of natural selection, because of the gene that makes the moths dark, it allowed them to flourish when the environment changed, they adapted, reproduced and survived.
• Homologous structures: Both Ostriches have wings similar in form to those of their ancestors, but that do not allow the birds to fly.
Homologous structures are those that have structural similarities but are different in function. For example, if we look at the anatomical structure of a bird’s wing, it is very similar in structure with a human arm. However, over the course of time they have evolved to perform different functions.
• Vestigial structures: The inner ear bones of mammals have evolved from bones that form the jaws of reptiles.
Vestigiality refers to the process in which some structure lose their function over the course of evolution in some specie but they are functionally normal in other species. Such a structure is the inner ear bones of mammals which donot perform an important function in mammals but do perform in reptiles.
• DNA sequence data: Both Genes involved in RNA replication are conserved among bacteria and animals, suggesting a common evolutionary origin.
The sequencing of genetic data is an excellent method of finding the evolutionary histories and relatedness of different organisms. This field of sciences is called phylogenetics and the mentioned example is the result of phylogenetics.
• Analogous structures: The jointed legs of insects and vertebrates arose independently, indicating a different evolutionary origin.
Analogous structures are those that have similar function but they look very different in structure or anatomy. This is because they have been evolved from different ancestors and perform different functions. One example of these structures is mentioned, The jointed legs of insects and vertebrates that look different bur perform same function.
An organism adapting to its environment leads it to be more ‘equipped’ for survival.
Competition is when other species fight for the same resources that another species needs. Also, it would produce offspring with these adaptations.
An example (to help you better understand);
A blue jay has great eyesight, strong wings, and sharp beak. (Better adapted organism) Another blue jay has great eyesight, weak wings, and dull beak. (The competitor/unadapted)
Both birds find the same food source and are now competing for it. The first bird has sharp beams, which is better for breaking, and ‘chomping’ the seeds/food. The second bird would struggle to consume its food (seed) unless it’s worms.
So which one is better adapted? The first blue jay.
And i hope this helped show how competition can be reduced.
<span>An example of a group of prokaryotic organisms is C. Archaea. There are three domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Archaea and Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms. On the other hand, domain Eukarya includes all eukaryotic organisms, such as Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals.</span>
