The Renaissance let to both the <u>rebirth</u> and the <u>rediscovery </u>of classical philosophy, literature and art.
The Renaissance was a fervent period of European cultural, artistic, political and economic rebirth following the Middle Ages. Generally described as taking place from the 14th century to the 17th century, the Renaissance promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature and art.
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What impact did the Renaissance have?</h3>
- As the populace grew wealthier, trade, travel, and the dissemination of new ideas all increased.
- Additionally, the increase in income sparked interest in education, aided the growth of the arts, and encouraged scientific advancements and new innovations.
- Art, science, and culture underwent a new transformation throughout the Renaissance.
- At first, the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature, and art, as well as the new discoveries in travel, invention, and style, altered the way the citizens thought. is a time period in European history that spans the 15th and 16th centuries and marks the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity.
- It is defined by a desire to resurrect and outdo concepts and accomplishments from classical antiquity. It followed the Late Middle Ages Crisis and was marked by significant societal change.
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Many people talk about academic excellence — but who or what really defines this elusive quality?
Michèle Lamont, Robert I. Goldman Professor of European Studies and professor of sociology and of African and African American studies, analyzes the system of peer review in her new book “How Professors Think: Inside the Curious World of Academic Judgment” (Harvard University Press, 2009). By examining the process of scholarly evaluation, she also addresses larger questions about academia.
“In some ways studying peer evaluation and review is a point of entry into a much broader issue, which is the issue of meritocracy in American higher education,” says Lamont.
To research the book, Lamont interviewed panelists from research councils and societies of fellows who were evaluating proposals for research funding in the social sciences and the humanities.
Lamont explains that academics must constantly make evaluations, whether of scientific findings or of graduate students. Expertise, personal taste, and the perspective of the evaluator play into the decision-making process, she writes.
“A lot of what the book does is to look at what criteria people use to judge and what meaning they give to these criteria,” says Lamont. “So for instance, what do they mean by ‘significance’ and what do they mean by ‘originality’? How does the definition of ‘originality’ and ‘significance’ vary between philosophy and economics? How strong is the consensus between fields?
<u>Answer</u>:
In Civil Law, decisions are made in accordance with fixed codes. In common law, for example, decisions are made based on precedents set by previous cases.
<u>Explanation</u>:
In civil law, judges also perform investigative tasks, unlike common law where the judge is a referee. Civil law judges also bring charges and question witnesses. Clients are represented in court by lawyers but these lawyers have a less prominent role limited to providing their clients with legal advice. They have a less prominent role in making in-court presentations and oral arguments. Non-litigation tasks like contract drafting may be done by quasi-legal professionals who serve private individuals as well as businesses.
The answer to the question is B
