Forced labor persisted after the Civil War because it was a crime in the south for any farm worker to search for employment from a new employer without permission from the old employer. This law only applied to Blacks resulting in countless black southerners falling victim to a brutal system of forced labor
Since Thomas Jefferson was a democratic republican, he didn't want the government to have all the power. Therefore, he limited the powers of government by getting rid of the alien and sedition acts and lowered taxes
A portcullis is a heavy vertically-closing gate typically found in Medieval fortifications, consisting of a latticed grille made of wood, metal, or a combination of the two, which slides down grooves inset within each jamb of the gateway.