Answer: The presence of asymmetric information
Explanation: In simple words, asymmetric information refers to the situation when one party to a contract have extra information regarding a subject than the other party of the contract.
Asymmetric information creates the potential of misconduct from the leading party as they can easily cheat the other party by concealing that important information.
In the given case, Mr. Smith was aware that his laptop is not working properly but still he sold its to a customer who was not aware of it. Thus, we can conclude that the correct option is C.
Answer:
The statement is: True.
Explanation:
Externalities are described as the effect of the actions of one party that influence directly in other individuals even if those other individuals have nothing to do in the operations of the first party. Externalities can be positive when they benefit the uninvolved individuals or negative when the externality affects them.
There are several types of externalities such as <em>technological, pecuniary, symmetric, asymmetric, transferable, depletable, non-depletable </em>and <em>transnational. </em>
Asymmetric externalities are those where the party causing the externality is not affected by its actions. It opposes symetric externalities which are those where the economic agent is directly affected by its own actions.
Answer:
A partnership's allocations of income and deductions to the partners are required to be proportionate to the partners' percentage ownership of partnership profits in order to meet the substantial economic effect tests.
True
Explanation:
Equity and equality must be put in place as a yardstick to allocate such which would bring a common ground for both parties.
Answer:
b. The competitive pressures associated with rivalry among competing sellers in the industry for buyer patronage.
Explanation:
The Porter’s five forces of competition is a framework developed by Michael E. Porter in 1979, it is used to measure and analyze an organization's competitiveness in a business environment.
The Porter's five forces of competition framework are:
1. The bargaining power of suppliers.
2. The bargaining power of customers.
3. Threat posed by substitute products.
4. Threats posed by new entrants.
5. Threats posed by existing rivals in the industry.
The most powerful of the five competitive forces is usually the competitive pressures associated with rivalry among competing sellers in the industry for buyer patronage. When the amount of competitors (sellers), as well as the quantity of goods and services they provide are large, the lesser their competitive strengths or advantage in the market because the customers have a large pool of finished goods and services to choose from and vice-versa.
The difference between a hospital's established billing rate and the amount paid by a third-party payer is referred to as contractual adjustment.
Contractual Adjustment is a part of a patient's bill that a doctor or hospital must write-off because of billing agreements with the insurance company.
A write off is simply the amount that cannot be collected from patient due to several issues.
A contractual adjustment is important because it helps in preventing fraud from occurring in the total amount of the bill.
Learn more about contractual adjustment here;
brainly.com/question/28474224
#SPJ4
