Answer:
pot-valiance
Dutch courage, also known as pot-valiance (or potvaliancy), refers to courage gained from intoxication with alcohol. The popular story dates the etymology of the term Dutch courage to English soldiers fighting in the Anglo-Dutch Wars (1652–1674) and perhaps as early as the Thirty Years' War
Explanation:
number three is the answer
Something about invites , hmm not too sure tho so sorry
Weather will be the primary reason. Despite its huge size. the real habitable area is probably less than 10% of its geographical size. Even Southern Ontario is deemed by many I know to be "too cold to live". 90% of Ontario and Quebec are simply inhabitable. I also personally think the entire Manitoba and Saskachewan are not suitable for human habitation unless we can create a way to simply hibernate during the 6 month winter (why there are so few people in Montana and North Dakota?) The fact that Montreal are thrive as a vibrant metropolis is already sort of a miracle and we don't see many such large cities with such severe weather. The only other case I can think of is probably Moscow.
B) Declaration of Independence from England
D)Political principles
E) pledge to remain loyal British citizens