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The United States did not send aid to "Iraq" during this period since relations between the US and Iraq were extremely poor, especially after Iraq invaded Kuwait.
The company towns reinforced it by having special wages for people of different ethnicity or by racially profiling and segregating those that they didn't want to be equal with Caucasian workers. This caused an even bigger drift between people and distrust to arise.
ATP which is the acronym for adenosine triphosphate. This compound is a nucleotide that can store large amounts of energy in it's last bond. Cells "run" by using ATP as a fuel source.