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Answer:
bicameral system, also called bicameralism, a system of government in which the legislature comprises two houses. The modern bicameral system dates back to the beginnings of constitutional government in 17th-century England and to the later 18th century on the continent of Europe and in the United States.
I’m not entirely sure, but since no one has answered yet, I’d go with C. It seems to relate most to what the Federalist and Democratic-Republicans disagreed on most.