Answer:
I would say a democratic reformer
Explanation:
I think he is that because in the passage he states about how he believes that the power to rule should lay with the people. He also believes that no one should get special treatment because of birth or fortune.
The answer is"You Welcome"
My first guess is because they were attacked by foreign invaders.
(but at the same time, both empires had split in their own way. The Han empire lost control and broke into different areas. The Roman Empire had become two parts, where the Western part was constantly attacked by Germanic tribes). Both sides were constantly attacked by invaders until there was no more land to take.
They gained new rights because they had contributed to the overthrow of the French. They gained prestige because they had fought alongside the new settlers of their land.