I think the aliens represent refugees. The themes of this story reflect how people treat refugees or immigrants when they move to a new place. People tend to treat people differently depending on their race, background, or where they are from.
The primary theme of "The Wretched and the Beautiful" concerns human rights violations and atrocities committed against the vulnerable. In this science fiction story following the plight of alien refugees, its author examines how human beings, both individually and collectively, become complicit in enabling and perpetrating atrocities. These two alien species could easily be substituted with real-world examples, and the story's core message would remain intact.
