Preemption
This doctrine is centered around the attempt to repel or defeat a perceived imminent offensive or invasion. The aim is to gain a strategic advantage in an impending (allegedly unavoidable) conflict shortly before it materializes into a crisis. Its principles include unilateralism and the use of preventative war.
Answer: Pakistan and northwest india
Explanation:
We probably wouldn't have had as much technicologic inventions and the leader system would probably be messed up as well.
I think the answer to this problem is c not sure tho!