Antibiotic resistance happens naturally due to genetic mutation through random selection, however, genetic drift occurs on purpose and tests which genes are stronger and should continue to be passed on to future generations. In most cases, genetic drift is needed and antibiotic resistance isn’t.
Answer: The drive theory of motivation.
Explanation:
The drive threory of motivation is based on the principle that organisms have certain psycological or physiological needs (in this case, hunger). When those needs are not satisfied, a tension in the organism is produced, and with it a drive to seek the satisfaction of that need.
Because the substance the rat recieves is nonnutritive (it doesn't reduce the rat's hunger), we can clearly see that the rat isn't performing the response because of this drive, seeking for the satisfaction of its hunger, but is motivated by another feeling. Therefore, this observation is problematic for the drive theory of motivation.
These antimitotics (i.e. taxanes) target microtubule proliferation. The stage of mitosis where it acts is at the M-phase, particularly in the metaphase. The phases of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Microtubles first appear at the metaphase.
Answer:
No, CREs usually don't account for differences in gene expression levels.
Explanation:
<em>Cis</em>-regulatory elements (CREs) are non-coding DNA regions that regulate adjacent gene <em>transcription</em>. They usually do it by binding to transcription factors. They are in charge of influencing the rate of which transcription occurs, and less with how much a gene is expressed. On the other hand, trans-regulatory elements are DNA sequences that encode for upstream regulators that can modify or regulate <em>gene expression levels</em>.
Therefore, cis elements are not really in charge of expression levels, mostly transcription rates of single genes, rather. Trans elements are more involved in expression levels.
Answer: look at the picture
Explanation: Hope this help :D
