Answer:
The study of the field of genetic engineering started with the emergence of cloning.
Explanation:
Genetic Engineering is the process of manipulation in an organism's DNA using tools of Biotechnology. Genetic Engineering started with the discovery of gene cloning. Gene cloning demonstrated that beneficial genes from one organism can be expressed into another host organism. For example, The human insulin gene was inserted into bacteria to produce insulin for human at large scale.
Answer:Monoclimax or Climatic Climax Theory was advanced by Clements (1916) and recognizes only one climax whose characteristics are determined solely by climate (climatic climax). ... Polyclimax Theory was advanced by Tansley (1935).
Explanation:
<span>Multi-celled organism
1. They have a nucleus which serves a great function in many cellular activities. <span>Nucleus,
the control center of the cell is the organelle which intiates,
enables, and manages the various simplex. compound and complex cellular
activities. It also stores the DNA of the cell which is then replicated
and recopied over a hundredth and thousandth times over through cell
division processes. In the nucleoplasm -nucleolus, the inner part of
nucleus of a cell is where the DNA to mRNA and to protein; vice-versa
happens. <span>
2. Muticellular organisms have improvised mitochrondria and chloroplast vital for many functions.</span></span></span>
Answer:
Kidneys : helps in forming urine
Ureter : They are connected to kidney and by peristaltic action transports urine from kidneys to bladder .
Urinary bladder : It is an hollow sac that holds the urine .
Urethra : transports urine from the bladder to outside of the body .
Explanation:
The human excretory system consists of : Kidney ,ureter ,urinary bladder and urethra .The figure is shown below .
Now , as far as functions are concerned we have :
Kidneys : They have excretory units called nephrons that further consist of :
- Bowman's capsule
- PCT (Proximal convoluted tubule )
- DCT (Distal convoluted tubule)
- CT (collecting tubule )
In nephrons urine is formed and via ureter it is transported to a hollow sac like structure called urinary bladder .
This bladder has muscles that cant remain contracted up to longer period )and then voluntary and involuntary it is excreted through urethra .
The process of passing urine is called Micturition .
A) toward the earth ...hope this hlep