A) Rest and motion are relative terms
The hemoglobin holoenzyme (active enzyme) is a complex of an iron ion and 4 subunits- 2 hemoglobin alpha and two hemoglobin beta. People with sickle cell disease have mutated beta hemoglobins. The mutation is a single nucleotide exchange, that changes the 6th amino acid of protein primary struture - a Glutamic acid into Valine. This one alteration changes the tree dimentional structure of hemoglobin beta so, that it forms lond fibres that disrupt the normal circular form of the red blood cells.
Answer:
In cotransport, a single ATP-powered pump that transports a specific solute drives the active transport of several other solutes. Normally, sodium in waste is reabsorbed in the colon, maintaining constant levels in the body, but diarrhea expels waste so rapidly that re-absorption is not possible, and sodium levels fall precipitously. To treat this life threatening condition, patients are given a solution to drink containing high concentrations of salt and glucose. The solutes are taken up by sodium-glucose cotransporters on the surface of intestinal cells and passed through the cells into the blood. This simple treatment has lowered infant mortality worldwide.
Uring this period he became acquainted with Osama bin Laden, a wealthy Saudi who had joined the Afghan resistance to the Soviets,
