Question

What force or forces constitute the fundamental source of energy that generates wind movement and circulation?

Answer 1

Answer:

The movement of wind is the result of the action of one or more forces on a particle of air, fundamentally the forces of the solar radiation, pressure gradient, coriolis, friction and centrifugal are recognized.

Explanation:

Air movement is caused by differential heating of the earth's surface and the atmosphere, which presents significant variations in time and space. Wind specifically refers to the horizontal movement of air parcels (which reach great distances and can persist on different time scales)Solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth, and this process is uneven. This irregular heating is what generates the wind. Pressure Gradient Force is determined by the pressure differences between two points in the atmosphere and tends to move the parcels of air from high to low pressure centers, in order to achieve barometric equilibrium. This force is responsible for causing the initial movement of the air. The Coriolis Force is an apparent force that occurs perpendicular to the direction of movement, generating a deviation in the wind path due to the rotation of the Earth (around its axis with an angular velocity). Centrifugal Force manifests itself as a radial pushing action from the center of a circle. In the atmosphere, it occurs in high- and low-pressure systems, leading outward from high- or low-pressure centers. The Friction Force is caused by the friction of the air with the earth's surface, causing a delay in the flow of air masses and changes in the direction of movement.