I’m not sure, but maybe a constitution? I had a test similar to this and that was the answer.
Answer: The treaty added an additional 525,000 square miles to United States territory, including the land that makes up all or parts of present-day Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming. Mexico also gave up all claims to Texas and recognized the Rio Grande as America's southern boundary
Explanation:
Hera's roman name is Mercury! :)
Just by common sense we can rule out both C and B because neither of those make sense for this case. High population really doesn’t matter. So the most logical answer is D. Mostly Defending Familiar Territory