The correct definition of Horizontal Integration is the acquisition of a business operating at the same level of the value chain in the same industry. This is in contrast to vertical integration, where firms expand into upstream or downstream activities, which are at different stages of production.
In the first stage of World War II in Europe, Germany tried to bypass a long war. Germany's strategy was to destroy its enemies in a row of short operations. Germany immediately occupied much of Europe and was successful for more than two years by relying on a new army tactic called the Blitzkrieg.
Great Britain - British Guiana
The Netherlands - Dutch Guiana
Spain - Colombia, Ecuador
France - French Guiana
Explanation:
Once the Americas were discovered by the Europeans, the interest for the new lands skyrocketed. Many European countries engaged in exploration and establishing colonies. The interests were varying, and they were ranging from gaining wealth, producing cash crops, gaining territory, spreading religion, having strategic presence etc.
Some of the countries that established colonies were Spain, Great Britain, The Netherlands, and France. The Spanish dominated most of Latin America and western North America. The Netherlands was present in the Caribbean and small area in South America. France had territories in central and northeastern North America, the Caribbean, and little in South America. The British occupied territories in eastern North America, and little in South America.
Most of these colonies became independent over time. There are some though that remained closely connected to their colonists, and are more of a dominions or protectorates, such as:
- Guyana
- Montserrat
- Martinique
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