Malign might be a good synonym for take away in social studies
The American Economy is a mixed economy which individuals and corporations have the means of production but the government regulates it. The government regulates minimum wage, maximum work hours, requiring businesses to pay to taxes, setting other restrictions. This makes the American Economy a mixed economy because the government set regulations but the businesses choose what goods to produce.
"T<span>hat European nations would have to alert one another about any African territory they claimed" would be the best option, since this was at the prime era of colonization in Africa. </span>
The answer to your question is Gautama