Answer:
Neighboring cardiac muscle cells in the walls of heart chambers have specialized cell-to-cell contacts that electrically and mechanically link the cells together, permitting the immediate passage of muscle impulses. These cell-to-cell contacts are called <u>intercalated discs.</u>
Explanation:
Intercalated discs can be described as unique structures present between the cardiac muscles of the heart. The intercalated discs play a major role in making the cardiac muscles contract in a rhythm so that the heart can pump blood in a regular fashion and it hence regulates the effective functioning of the heart. The intercalated discs are the structures that join on cardiac muscle to another and is involved in the transmission of chemical messages between them.
<span>Cells control cell division in order to maintain normal cell function. If something happens to the control of the cell division, the healthy cells will divide uncontrollably. These new cells are cancer cells. </span>
The mutations in three genes are responsible for development of cancers:
1. Mutation in proto-oncogenes. Proto-oncogenes normally signal cells to grow and differentiate. Proto-oncogenes can become oncogenes due to mutations which result in the uncontrollable division of the cells.
2. Mutation in tumor suppressor genes. In normal cells, tumor suppressor genes suppress genes essential for cell cycle and that way they prevent uncontrollable cell division. However, after a mutation in these genes, suppression is lost and the cell may progress to cancer.
3. Mutation in stability genes. In normal cells, they have no role either in cell death or growth, but they control mutation rate. Mutation in stability genes results in situation where all genes, including proto-oncogenes and tumor suppression genes, are more frequently mutated.
What factors influence the input and output of carbon through Earth's spheres? The oceans on Earth act as carbon sinks. The combustion of fossil fuels contributions to an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide. Animals are solely responsible for the release of carbon dioxide via respiration
The answer is diploid. Diploid cell is a cell that contain two copies of each chromosomes. Nearly all the cells in the human body carry two homologous or similar copies of each chromosome. However the cells in the germ line, which produce gametes, or egg and sperm cells are haploid. Haploid cells contain contain a single set of chromosomes. In diploid cells one set of chromosomes is inherited from the mother, while the other is inherited from the father.
