These animals were living in an environment with a warm climate that results in changing sea levels. These conditions create a lot of shallow inland seas allowing these animals to thrive. The Cretaceous period is the last period of the Mesozoic area where new groups of mammals, birds, and flowering plants appeared on Earth.
Answer:
damaged cells proliferate until the wounds heals
Answer:
The electron transport chain
Explanation:
During the citric cycle in the matrix of the mitochondria, the NAD+ and FAD+ the metabolic cycle are reduced to NADH and FADH₂ through accepting electrons. The energy harnessed from the metabolic cycle is used to develop a proton motive force across the mitochondrion intermembrane. This potential energy is harnesses by ATP synthase to create ATPs. As the H+ ions drain back into the matrix of the mitochondria, they are used to reduce oxygen to water. In this redox reaction, the FADH₂ and NADH donate their electrons and are recycled back to the citric cycle in their oxidized form.
The scrotum reacts to temperature. When it is cold, the scrotum shrinks, pulling the testes against the body to keep them warm. When it is hot, the scrotum relaxes, lowering the testes away from the body. This contractile ability of the scrotum can either raise or lower the temperature of the testes by a few degrees, ensuring that the optimum temperature for sperm production is maintained.
Some spicules are formed of the mineralized substances calcium carbonate and silica, while others are made of an organic substance called spongin. Sponginskeletons<span> were and are used as scrubbers in bathtubs, though they are fairly expensive. The ubiquitous bathtub accessory called a lufa is NOT a </span>sponge<span>, but a plant.</span>
