During the high Middle Ages, the Roman Catholic Church became organized into an elaborate hierarchy with the pope as the head in western Europe. He establish supreme power. Many innovations took place in the creative arts during the high Middle Ages. Literacy was no longer merely requirement among the clergy.
This would be "lobbies" - and the single people in those groups are known as lobbyists. For example, tobacco lobbyists would lobby in favour of not limiting where smoking is permitted.
