A federal banking system
Securities Bonds giving the government influx in money
they created innovative methods of painting. they opposed the church and its orthodox ideas. they encouraged the spread of arts and education.
The American colonists were justified in doing this simply because their colonies had become too big and too important to be treated as a colony by the British. The British should have given the colonies some autonomy, but they did not. The analogy I like to use is that of teens and their parents. Parents have to give teens more independence as they grow up. If they do not, the teens may justifiably rebel.
The British were not, on the whole, brutal or oppressive towards the colonists. However, they would not let the colonists have much in the way of self-rule. This had been fine when the colonies were still small and economically weak. By the 1760s and 1770s, however, the colonies were "teenagers." They were big and strong enough to expect some autonomy. When Britain reacted to requests for autonomy by being more strict, the colonists were justified in rebelling.
To begin with, a political machine is an organization in which an organization gains support via promising rewards to those who keep them in power. It's designed to keep a particular group in power by promising favors. Typically, immigrants who first arrived here were impoverished, so political machines became so successful because they would promise to set immigrants up with homes or jobs or food so long as they had their vote.
So in short:
Who: Organizations whose main goals were getting and keeping power.
What: They essentially bribed immigrants for their votes.
Why: Political Machines did this to stay in power.
