Entire muscles are encased in the epimysium. The perimysium, which is connected to the epimysium, separates groups of muscle fibres into fasciculi. Individual muscle fibres are encircled by a delicate network of connective tissue fibres, blood arteries, lymphatic vessels, and nerves called the endomysium.
The collagen fibres of tendons are made of endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium, and they serve as the tissue link between muscles and bones by indirect attachment. Intermittent perimysial junction plates serve as its connection to the perimysium.
The perimysium, which surrounds bundles of muscle fibres, the endomysium, which surrounds individual muscle fibres, and the epimysium, which surrounds the muscle, are the three scale levels at which connective tissue of the muscle may be identified.
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Saliva has the enzyme amylase that breaks some starches down into maltose and dextrin.
The most common pathogen then carry is protozoa , that causes malaria
Answer:
Therapsids were "mammal-like" reptiles and are ancestors to the mammals, including humans, found today. One group of therapsids is called dicynodonts. All species of dicynodonts were herbivores (plant eaters) and their sizes ranged from small burrowers to large browsers.
Mammals evolved from a group of reptiles called the synapsids. These reptiles arose during the Pennsylvanian Period (310 to 275 million years ago). It was over millions of years that some of these therapsids would evolve many features that would later be associated with mammals.
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Answer:
by the sarcoplasmic reticulum's calcium ion pumps
Explanation:
Rigor mortis or postmortem rigidity, is a state caused by chemical changes in the muscles that occur post mortem and cause the limbs of the corpse to stiffen.
This occurs because after death, there is no cellular respiration and consequently, no oxygen nor ATP (ATP is required for the muscle relaxation).
Calcium enters the cytosol after death because it is released due to the deterioration of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and due to the breakdown of the sarcolemma. Ca2+ ions activate the formation of actin-myosin cross-bridging necessary for the contraction. Muscles are unable to relax, because myosin heads continue to bind with the active sites of actin and there is no ATP to destabilize the myosin-actin bond.
