The cartoonist is looking to reform the school system, if you look closely to the picture there is a public school outside of the "loop" and the private school is in the loop
Dialogue. He briefly explained everything he saw.
A literal translation of a text is when you translate in a so called word-for-word manner, that is, you take the most general denotation of a word and translate it in such a manner. In it, hidden meanings are avoided and because of that literal translation is often highly inaccurate because it does not transfer meaning properly, only lexical items.
Simile you know when an author is using simile because they use like or as so in this case...
“Like stew beef vibrating the drum head near the edge with his fingers” hope this helps :)
