This is False. As per the context of family stress model by the researcher, low income, divorce and as well as single parenthood are better viewed as the cause of the social problem rather than considering it as a consequences or effects of social problems. Most people who are involved in this situation feels rejection from the environment and they could not also feel the belongingness.
The options are not included with this question. However, we can still try to understand which factors were considered when writing this sample response. In this response, the author takes into accout the type of rhetorical appeal that John Muir employed. He tells us that Muir used an appeal to logic (<em>logos</em>) when providing evidence about the destruction of trees. He also tells us that Muir used an appeal to credibility (<em>ethos</em>) by showing that he knows the history of individual trees. Finally, the author uses an appeal to emotion (<em>pathos</em>) by using emotional language.