Answer:
is a way for a cell to give information about its activities.
Explanation:
Antigen-presenting cells (APC) such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells are present where antigens are most likely to penetrate the body. Ingestion of antigens by these cells is followed by digestion of antigen into peptide fragments and their association with MHC molecules.
The antigen-MHC complex is then inserted into the plasma membrane of APCs. The antigens present on the surface of APCs are recognized by the T cells to trigger the adaptive immune response. Antigen processing and antigen presentation by antigen-presenting cells are required to inform the T cells of the immune system about the presence of antigen in the body and immune responses of APCs.
From the cladogram, we can tell that the ancestral species most likely had a vertebral column.
<h3>What is a cladogram?</h3>
The cladogram is a branched diagram that can be used to show the relationship between organisms. It can also be used to decode evolutionary relationships.
As such, from the cladogram, we can tell that the ancestral species most likely had a vertebral column.
Learn more about a vertebral column:brainly.com/question/8053940
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This is an interesting question. I'm inclined to say no. In essence, evolution is driving organisms who're better adapted in their own environment with each new generation. Considering this knowledge, it doesn't seem likely that this would correspond to extinction of a species.
We can't see cells with our bare eyes because they're really small. You'd need a microscope to see them closely.
No they are the same species just different breed, think of it like humans. does being light skin make you a different species? no
