Answer: for me the best option is D.
Explanation: lets explain this.
Cellular respiration begins with a process that divides the glucose within the cells making it readily available as a source of energy. This process can occur without oxygen (anaerobic respiration) or in the presence of oxygen (aerobic respiration). Anaerobic respiration generates more excess waste (lactate) than aerobic . Besides, high levels of lactate build within the muscle cells. Excess lactate slows the cellular respiratory process and is experienced as a burning sensation in the muscles if exercise continues.
Answer:
Increase in transcription
Explanation:
Transcription is the process of forming RNA from DNA. It can be controlled by many factors like a repressor. Repressor can bind to the operator region of the promoter and hinder the movement of RNA Polymerase enzyme, halting the process.
Here, it is given that the repressor needs to first bind to an effector molecule X. Once it binds to X, it is activated and then it can bind to operator of gene A to inhibit its transcription. If the X binding domain on repressor is mutated it wont be able to bind to X. Thus it wont get activated and wont be able to attach to operator region to inhibit transcription. Hence, transcription process will keep going on uncontrolled.
The average distance is 16,000 km
Converging rate is 10 cm/year
1 km = 100,000 cm
= 16,000 × 100,000/10 cm/year
= 160,000,000 years
It will then take 160 Million years to collide.