The Protestant Reformation in Europe in the first half of the 16th century seriously challenged the Roman Catholic Church. Before Martin Luther publicized his “95 Theses” attacking church corruption in 1517, virtually all Europeans belonged to the Catholic Church, but just 20 years later much of the continent belonged to the Reformed, or Protestant, church. Luther’s critique of the existing church had become a new denomination in its own right. The Catholic Church was forced to respond, and did so in several different ways during a period known as the Counter-Reformation.
The Safavid Empire was a dynasty that once ruled Iran. They believed that Ali is the successor prophet of Muhammad being a cousin and also said to be called by God. <span>Shāh Ismāil I was the founder of Safavid Empire and through his efforts, he was able to make Shia Islam a state religion.
Mughal Empire arose in parts of India and Pakistan. They believed that next to Prophet Muhammad was Abu Akbar who was the third Emperor of Mughal Empire. However, but Safavid and Mughal </span>
The process that saw Western Europe going from a unified Roman Empire to independent nation-states was:
- Roman empire weakens and barbarians take hold of Roman lands.
- Barbarians establish numerous Kingdoms and nation-states.
- Monarchs share power with nobles in the feudalistic system.
- Black death weakens the power of nobles and increases that of monarchs.
- Monarchs consolidate power and establish true nation-states.
<h3>How did Europe's nation-states form?</h3>
After the Roman empire broke up as a result of several factors including the incursions of barbarians, several kingdoms were formed.
These kingdoms expanded and contracted under the reign of kings who shared power with nobles. Eventually, the monarchs gained the upper hand and established independent nation-states.
Find out more on the fall of the Roman empire at brainly.com/question/1276486.
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A India India has the highest population and population density
Answer:
King Cotton, phrase frequently used by Southern politicians and authors prior to the American Civil War, indicating the economic and political importance of cotton production.
Explanation:
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