The process that saw Western Europe going from a unified Roman Empire to independent nation-states was:
Roman empire weakens and barbarians take hold of Roman lands.
Barbarians establish numerous Kingdoms and nation-states.
Monarchs share power with nobles in the feudalistic system.
Black death weakens the power of nobles and increases that of monarchs.
Monarchs consolidate power and establish true nation-states.
<h3>How did Europe's nation-states form?</h3>
After the Roman empire broke up as a result of several factors including the incursions of barbarians, several kingdoms were formed.
These kingdoms expanded and contracted under the reign of kings who shared power with nobles. Eventually, the monarchs gained the upper hand and established independent nation-states.
