Answer:
The first one is proportional and the second one is not. Because for the first one you can see that if you divide the number of pens by the cost you'll get the same answer for every single one. But for the second one if you divide the number of minutes by words typed you get a different answer for each one. You can also see if it's proportional or not if you draw it on the graph and it's a straight line. If it is the relationship is proportional if it isn't it's not proportional. Hope that makes sense :)
Let's take the non-linear equation:

First Make The Equation To Be In Terms of Y
*Divide Both sides by


*Simplify

You shouldn't keep a radical in the denominator, however we leave it for the purpose of the reciprocal.
*Take The Reciprocal Of Both Sides

A Linear Equation Takes The Format:

So,




Resulting in :
Given:
1 set requires 4 couples 8 dancers.
Total number of people at a square dance = 250.
To find:
The greatest number of sets possible at the dance.
Solution:
We have,
Total people = 250
1 set = 8 people.



Number of possible sets cannot be a decimal or fraction value. So, approx. the value to the preceding integer.

Therefore, the number of possible sets at the dance is 31.
the equation 2x-4-1+x would be the answer
Because 2x+x = 3x and -4-1 = 5, the result would be 3x-5