These are some of the states that gained their independence
MexicoHaitiColombiaVenezuelaBrazil
The railroad greatly influenced European colonial powers in the 19th century since it facilitated for the much faster transfer of raw materials out of the colonies--leading to greater profits during the Industrial Revolution.
It could be argued that the Missouri Compromise technically hurt Southern identity since it prohibited slavery's extension into the unorganized territory of the North West, although it could have helped unite southern black identity due to the fact that blacks had hope slavery would eventually end.
The main reason many colonists believed they were justified in breaking away from British rule is because they believed that the British had violated their natural rights--mostly by taxing them without allowing them to have representation in Parliament.