This argument would not be valid because it fails to take into account the mechanisms through which evolution occurs and misunderstands the second law of thermodynamics.

The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of a system must always increase. The argument stating that this law disproves evolution given that evolution can be considered as a decrease in entropy, fails to realize that the second law states that the total entropy must increase, this does not mean that entropy cannot decrease at one point, to then increase more so at another.

The other aspect of evolution that this argument fails to account for is that evolution is a chaotic process. Evolution, though having a final product that may be considered as increasing in organization, is at heart a chaotic process caused by random mutations and the fragile process of natural selection. Therefore, rather than disprove it, the second law of thermodynamics is actually the driving force behind continued evolution.

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8 0

3 years ago

How does the immune system fight against pathogens?

Drupady [299]

Through a sequence of steps called the immune response, the immune systemattacks these pathogens. ... This is the immune system. Cells. The cells involved are white blood cells (leukocytes), which seek out and destroy disease-causing organisms or substances

8 0

3 years ago

Heterozygotes at the sickle-cell locus produce both normal and abnormal (sickle-cell) hemoglobin (see Concept 11.4). When hemogl

Stels [109]

Answer:

In an individual's molecular and cellular level, the heterozygote alleles are preferred over the homozygote alleles. In humans, the heterozygote alleles are found at a locus of beta polypeptide subunit of hemoglobin, while on the other hand, the homozygous alleles found at a similar locus are prone to sickle cell disease.

The individuals carrying homozygous alleles exhibit sickle-shaped RBCs and they also possess low oxygen-carrying capacity, which ultimately results in brain, kidney, or heart failure. However, in the case of heterozygous alleles, the configurations of RBCs are of two kinds, that is, normal shaped and sickle-shaped. Thus, there are not enough sickle-shaped cells to result in the condition.

The heterozygote alleles are resistant to malaria, thus, in tropical areas, where malaria is a prime issue the heterozygote alleles are preferred over the homozygote dominant alleles as they are vulnerable to the infection and over the homozygote recessive alleles who has sickle cell disease.

6 0

3 years ago

Explain the difference between a waves period and frequency

viktelen [127]

The time difference between the occurrences of two peaks is the period of the wave. The time difference between two consecutive black dots marked also gives the period of the wave. Generally, symbol ‘T’ is used to denote period in physics. Unit of measuring period is seconds (s).

7 0

4 years ago