Among the factors that shaped modernism were the development of modern industrial societies and the rapid growth of cities, followed by the horror of World War I. Modernism was essentially based on a utopian vision of human life and society and a belief in progress, or moving forward.
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Francisco Pizarro was the person who seized the Inca Empire for Spain.
He was one of the first conquistadors who led an expedition to the Inca Empire in today's Peru to claim it for Spain in the 16th century, by killing Incan emperor Atahualpa.