Agricultural civilizations such as Babylon insisted on harsh punishments for crimes given that they did not have ample resources to build jails or prisons where the criminals would be sentenced to. As a result, they imposed harsh punishments which also served to deter would be offenders
The correct answer is "The Carta Magna" and "The Petition of Rights".
The Carta Magna was a document issued on Juen 15th, 1215. It marked the first precedent for the limitations of the exercise of the British Crown's powers over the citizens which in this case were the Barons.
The Petition of Right is a constitutional document issued in 1628 which further limited the Royal Crown's powers by restricting non-parliamentary taxations, imprisonment without cause, and the use of martial law.
These documents served as a reference for the Constitutional Convention to elaborate the draft of the Us Constitution, as they proposed limitations to the Federal Government which was to be formed.
In April 1954 diplomats from several nations – including the United States, the Soviet Union, China, France and Great Britain – attended a conference in Geneva, Switzerland. The Geneva gathering was convened to discuss two Cold War hotspots, Berlin and Korea – but by the time it began the Viet Minh<span> had overrun the French base at </span>Dien Bien Phu<span>, forcing Vietnam onto the agenda. By the start of May, Paris had announced its intention to withdraw from Indochina and dismantle the </span>colonial administration<span> there. The French withdrawal would leave Vietnam without an established national government, placing it at risk of a communist takeover. The Geneva conference was given the unenviable task of arranging for Vietnam’s reunification and self government. The conference produced a set of resolutions known as the Geneva Accords, a road map for Vietnam’s transition to independence. The Accords were not supported by major players, however, so had little chance of success.</span>
