Mutations can lead to changes in the structure of an encoded protein or to a decrease or complete loss in its expression. Because a change in the DNA sequence affects all copies of the encoded protein, mutations can be particularly damaging to a cell or organism.
Shortly after gastrulation, the body and organs of the embryo begin to form. This process is called <u>embryogenesis.</u>
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- The process by which an embryo transforms into a fetus is known as embryogenesis.
- The three germ layers that eventually give rise to the various organs in the animal body are formed as a result of gastrulation.
- Embryogenesis is the name of this process. As a result of differentiation, organs emerge from the germ layers.
- The process of creating and growing an embryo from a zygote (zygotic embryogenesis) or a somatic cell is known as embryogenesis (somatic embryogenesis).
- An incredibly well-organized series of cell division, expansion, and differentiation takes place during embryo development.
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The correct options are as follows:
1. D.
Natural selection refers to the process by which living organisms that are more adapted to their environments usually survive and produce offspring that are like them. In the case of giraffes, the giraffes with the longest necks were able to survive in their environment and they reproduce offspring that are like them.
2. D
In the scientific world, scientists have open minds and they welcome all new ideas. These new ideas have to be tested to ensure that they are correct and superior to the facts that are already known. When a new hypothesis is put forward by a scientist, many scientists all over the world will test the hypothesis is order t confirm if it correct. If the hypothesis is found to be correct it will be accepted by all scientists.
3. A.
DNA test is a laboratory analysis that can be used to assess the level of relationship between living organisms. Related living organisms usually have some similar genes in their DNA, the level of closeness of these organisms will determine the quantity of similar genes that will be found in their DNA. Unrelated organisms on the other hand will have little or no similar genes in their DNA.
4. C.
The genetic code is the same across species, this fact points to the possibility that all living organisms originated from common ancestors. This support the evolution theory which stated that all living organisms descended from a common ancestor.
5. B.
Antibiotic drugs are usually effective against bacteria and other microbes, but the microbes can evolve and develop resistance to these drugs. Microbes are considered to have evolved when drugs that are used to inactivate them before no longer have any effect on them, thus they can easily survive in the presence of the drugs.
6. B.
If a particular specie of animal is able to avoid predators, it will increase in number more that those that are prey on by predators. The kings snakes were probably able to avoid predators, that is why, they were able to survive, reproduce offspring and increase in population in that particular ecosystem.
