Answer:
The brain can be divided into the cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum: Cerebrum. The cerebrum (front of brain) is composed of the right and left hemispheres, which ... Functions of the cerebrum include: initiation of movement, coordination of ... Recognition of smell usually involves parts of the frontal lobe. ... Occipital lobe.
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Diabetes mellitus and Diabetes Insipidus
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Explanation:
Diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus are both metabolic endocrine diseases caused due to hormonal imbalance.
<u>Etiology</u><u>:
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<u>Organ and hormone involved</u><u>: </u>
Diabetes mellitus occurs due to inefficiency of the pancreas to produce sufficient amount of the hormone insulin or lack of insulin action resulting in uncontrolled blood glucose levels.
Diabetes insipidus occurs due to inefficiency of the pituitary glands to produce sufficient amount of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin or lack of vasopressin action resulting in uncontrolled water metabolism.
<u>Signs and symptoms:
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Diabetes mellitus results in increasing blood glucose levels, polyuria and nocturia, polydipsia, polyphagia, fatigue and various other complications affecting eyes, kidneys, nervous system, and heart as the disease progresses.
Diabetes insipidus results in increasing water levels due kidneys excreting large amounts of diluted urine leading to polyuria, polydipsia, and excessive dehydration and fatigue.
<u>Diagnostic/lab tests and results:
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Diabetes mellitus is tested by testing blood glucose levels.
Diabetes insipidus is tested by testing water deprivation or vasopressin level test/the 24-hour urine for urine osmolality levels along with serum electrolyte level tests.
These tests are based on response to vasopressin, urine concentration abilities, urine osmolality, and electrolyte levels of the blood.
Answer:
The correct option is: A. Arcuate line
Explanation:
The rectus sheath is composed of aponeuroses of the transverse abdominal muscles and the internal and external oblique muscles and can be divided into the anterior laminae and the posterior laminae.
The arcuate line or the Douglas' line of the abdomen refers to the horizontal line at which the posterior layer, which is composed of the posterior laminae of the rectus sheath ends inferiorly.
