Answer:
The autonomic nervous system is the main neural regulator of circulation and blood pressure in the short term and beat by beat and exerts its function through various reflexes that regulate vasomotor tone, heart rate and cardiac output. At the renal level, the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system is possibly the most important in the maintenance of arterial homeostasis.
Explanation:
Blood pressure is regulated by a series of interrelated autonomic systems and humoral reflexes, which continually adjust the determining elements of the system (heart rate, stroke volume, total peripheral resistance and circulating volume).The effective circulating volume is controlled by a series of reflex systems, which obtain information about the perfusion pressure (baroreceptors in the carotid bulb and aortic arch), plasma osmolarity (hypothalamus) and urinary sodium (distal tubule).The kidney has its own self-regulatory mechanisms. The reduction in renal blood flow is detected at the level of the mesangial cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus, starting the renin-angiotensin system. The increase in angiotensin II produces on the one hand local vasoconstriction, and on the other hand stimulates the production of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex with the consequent tubular reabsorption of sodium and water.Antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin (released from the hypothalamus by stimulation of arterial baroreceptors and also by stimulation of angiotensin II) also acts at the renal level, which acts as a powerful and water-saving vasoconstrictor in the distal tubule.
Answer and Explanation:
Example of a food-web:
(1) Algae --> (2) Protozoas --> (3) Krill --> (4) Cephallopods --> (5) Medium sized dolphin --> (6) Large Dolphin
The trophic web is the process of energy transference through a series of organisms, in which every organism feeds on the preceding one and becomes food for the next one.
1) The first link is an autotroph organism or producer, such as a vegetable, that can synthesize organic matter from inorganic matter. In this example, the autotroph organisms are algae, that make use of sunlight and inorganic matter.
The next links are the consumers:
2) Herbivores are primary consumers and feed on producers. In this example, herbivore organisms are protozoan.
3) Krills are the secondary consumers and feed on protozoans.
4) Some species of cephalopods feed on krill, among other species.
5) Specialized Cetaceans such as the Risso´s dolphin, feed especially on cephalopods, as they lack upper teeth and they only have a few teeth in their jaws.
6) The killer whale is a big sized-dolphin and a very important predator. It feeds on many animals, and one of them is the Risso´s dolphin.
Before a cell divides DNA replicates itself. hope this helps!
