The notion of potential energy is related to the work done by the forces on the physical system to move it from one position to another in space. That is to say in practical terms it can be calculated by the Force applied in a certain distance. Mathematically this is

Here,
PE = Potential Energy
W= Work
F = Force
d = Distance
Replacing we have,


Therefore the potential energy stored in the bow the moment before the arrow is released is 12J.
Answer:

Explanation:
Let the mass of bullet is m, initial velocity of bullet is vi and c be the specific heat of the bullet.
Kinetic energy, K = 1/2 mvi^2
According to the question, 50% of the kinetic energy is equal to the heat energy absorbed by the bullet.
50% of K = mass of bullet x specific heat x rise in temperature
1/4 mvi^2 = m x c x ΔT

The natural process is called greenhouse effect. This is when the Sun's light enters the Earth, and converts to heat. Light passes through the Earth's atmosphere much easier compared to heat. Because of this, heat is trapped on Earth because it cannot exit the atmosphere as easily as light does.