The income elasticity of real money demand d. 3/4
Increase in real money demand = Increase in nominal money demand - Increase in inflation = 4% - 1% = 3%
Income elasticity of real money demand = % increase in real money demand / % increase in real income
= 3% / 4%
= 3/4
Income elasticity of demand is a monetary measure of how responsive the amount of demand for a very good or provider is to trade-in earnings. The formulation for calculating earnings elasticity of demand is the percentage change in quantity demanded divided by using the percent change in earnings.
In economics, the profits elasticity of call for is the responsivenesses of the quantity demanded an amazing to an alternate in patron profits. It is measured because of the ratio of the share exchange in the amount demanded to the proportion exchange in profits.
If the earnings elasticity of call for is more than 1, the best or carrier is taken into consideration a luxury and profits elastic. An amazing provider that has an earnings elasticity of call for between zero and 1 is considered an ordinary correct and income inelastic.
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Answer:
In employment law, a bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ) (US) or bona fide occupational requirement (BFOR) (Canada) or genuine occupational qualification (GOQ) (UK) is a quality or an attribute that employers are allowed to consider when making decisions on the hiring and retention of employees—a quality that when considered in other contexts would constitute discrimination and thus be in violation of civil rights employment law. Such qualifications must be listed in the employment offering.[citation needed]
Explanation:
Canada
The law of Canada regarding bona fide occupational requirements was considered in a 1985 Canadian court case involving an employee of the Canadian National Railway, K. S. Bhinder, a Sikh whose religion required that he wear a turban, lost his challenge of the CNR policy that required him to wear a hard hat.[1] In 1990, in deciding another case, the Supreme Court of Canada amended the Bhinder decision: "An employer that has not adopted a policy with respect to accommodation and cannot otherwise satisfy the trier of fact that individual accommodation would result in undue hardship will be required to justify his conduct with respect to the individual complainant. Even then the employer can invoke the BFOQ defence."[2]
United States
In employment discrimination law in the United States, both Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Age Discrimination in Employment Act contain a BFOQ defense. The BFOQ provision of Title VII provides that:
[I]t shall not be an unlawful employment practice for an employer to hire and employ employees, for an employment agency to classify, or refer for employment any individual, for a labor organization to classify its membership or to classify or refer for employment any individual, or for an employer, labor organization, or joint labor-management committee controlling apprenticeship or other training or retraining programs to admit or employ any individual in any such program, on the basis of his religion, sex, or national origin in those certain instances where religion, sex, or national origin is a bona fide occupational qualification reasonably necessary to the normal operation of that particular business or enterprise ...[3]
i'm not able to add the balance of the answer so pls go to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bona_fide_occupational_qualification
By being friendly and decent
Answer:
Horizontal merger
Explanation:
The merger of two firms producing personal computers is an example of a horizontal merger
A horizontal merger is a merger or business collaboration that happens between firms that operate in the same industry. The products being sold are similar and in the same market
Suppose an unlevered firm issues $1000 in debt at a cost of debt of 10%. If the corporate tax rate is 20%, $200 t is the change in the firm's value.
Due to the issue of the corporate tax rate is entitled to Interest Tax Shield assuming Debt issued by the firm is perpetual and ignoring financial distress costs
Change in Value of firm
=Net Effect of Debt Financing
=Present Value of Interest Tax Shield (financial distress costs ignored)
= DebtValue * Cost of Debt * Tax Rate Interest Rate
= $1,000 * 10% * 20% 10%
=$200,
corporate tax rate, also known as corporate income tax or corporate tax, is a direct tax levied on the income or capital of a corporation or similar corporation. Many countries impose such taxes at the national level, and similar taxes may be levied at the state or local level.
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