Answer:
A frameshift changes every codon past it. A base substitution only changes one codon.
Explanation:
DNA is comprised of nucleotides (A, C, T, G) that make up amino acids. Every three bases is called a codon and represents an amino acid.
In a frameshift mutation, a nucleotide is either added or deleted from the sequence. This offsets the entire sequence after it because the reading frame shifts. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
If another T is added in between the first and second codons, then every codon after will be changed.
ACT>T<GCTATCGTCATC
A substitution mutation is usually less severe, as it only alters one codon in the sequence. These occur when one nucleotide is replaced by another one. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
Let's say the first G is replaced by a T.
ACT>T<CTATCGTCATC
As you can see, none of the other codons changed.
Typically, a frameshift mutation is considered worse than a substitution mutation.
The correct option is C,
<span> bacteriophages</span>
Answer:
The <u>PCO₂</u> -carbon dioxide partial pressure- in the alveoli is 40 mm Hg and that of the blood entering the pulmonary capillaries is <u>45 mmHg</u>. This causes <u>carbon dioxide</u> to diffuse down its partial pressure gradient from the blood into the alveoli.
Explanation:
Gas exchange is a physiological process that involves the entry of oxygen into the body and tissues and the exit of carbon dioxide, a product of metabolic reactions.
At the pulmonary level, gas exchange occurs between the alveoli and the alveolar capillary, and the diffusion of gases across the alveolar-capillary barrier is dependent on a pressure gradient due to the partial pressure of gases.
In the case of CO₂ the diffusion goes from where the partial pressure is higher to where it is lower, i.e. <u>from the alveolar capillary, where the PCO₂ is 45 mmHg, to the pulmonary alveolus, where the PCO₂ is 40 mmHg</u>.
Learn more:
Gas exchange brainly.com/question/4469204
Answer:
The (rough) endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation:
The endoplasmic reticulum is a system of interconnected membranes that functions in the synthesis of several membrane-related proteins and lipids. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum in the eukaryotic cell;
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is actually smooth because it has no ribosome attachment while the rough endoplasmic reticulum appears rough due to the attachment by ribosomes.
<em>Therefore, the name of the specific organelle that is studded with ribosomes in eukaryotic cell is endoplasmic reticulum.</em>
Answer:
effector
Explanation:If the value is not at the set point or is outside the normal range, the control center sends a signal to the effector. The effector is an organ, gland, muscle, or other structure that acts on the signal from the control center to move the variable back toward the set point.
