<h3><u>Answer;</u></h3>
is a mixture of rock fragments, living organisms, and humus
<h3><u>Explanation;</u></h3>
- Topsoil refers to the top layer of soil that is high in organic matter and nutrients, formed by the slow weathering of rocks and decaying organic matter over thousands of years.
- Topsoil is made up of organic matter, microbes, water and insects that are all needed to ensure cycling.
- Topsoil is used as the medium for all plant growth, whether it is a lawn, garden or prairie.
Diffusion allows the exchange of substances; the entry of oxygen, proteins, etc into the cell and the removal of waste substances.
The cubs are a significant barrier to reproduction when a new male coalition first takes control of a pride. Mothers of surviving cubs won't mate again until their young are at least 18 months old, but if their cubs are lost, they will mate right away.
- Following that, males leave on their own or are driven out by other men who take control of their pride. It is common for a new male to kill all the cubs when he joins the pride in order to pass his genes on to all future cubs. The major function of males in the pride is defending the pride's territory.
- Female lionesses will devour the cubs of other pride, but not the cubs of their own pride. The "egalitarianism" of female lions stands in stark contrast to the autocratic behavior of wolves, wild dogs, and several other species, where dominant females prevent subordinates from reproducing.
- When a female lion gives birth, she leaves the pride and doesn't come back until the cubs are several weeks old. After that, the adult females band together to take care of and protect the young.
Learn more about pride here:
brainly.com/question/17454996
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<span> chronological, functional, combination, targeted. </span>
