From the question, we are informed that BioGrow Pharma Inc. wanted its research partner, an R&D company, to develop a cancer vaccine but that the project required huge capital investments, and its research partner was not ready to solely face the risks involved.
Therefore, to gain its partner's confidence and to prove its involvement, BioGrow Pharma invested $100 million in the project. This investment made by BioGrow Pharma will result in a credible commitment.
All the above activities are part of procedural justice
which entails ensuring that there is fairness in the processes that resolve
disputes particularly in regard to legal proceedings in criminal justice. The
aim of procedural justice is to ensure a fair trial.
Balance of payments is the difference in total values of all payments in and out of the country over a given period of time. It is the record of all financial transactions between the residents of a country and the other foreign countries. In this case, payments made by the united states does not include exports.