Answer:
mRNA destroyer concentration has a greater influence because it is destroying mRNA before proteins can even be produced.
Explanation:
<em>Proteins are synthesized from mRNA through the process of translation. mRNAs are first synthesized from a coding DNA template through the process of transcription. Hence, if mRNAs are destroyed, it means proteins will not be synthesized at all.</em>
Protein not being synthesized at all means that mRNA destroyer concentration has a greater influence on protein levels than protein degradation. With protein degradation, not all the protein is degraded at once and some quantity of the protein can still be found, but with mRNA destroyer concentration, no protein can be found at all because it was not synthesized in the first place.
Answer:
the third option, commensalism
Explanation:
Answer:
a.Many mitochondrial genes resemble proteobacteria genes, while the genes in the chloroplast resemble genes found in some photosynthetic bacteria.
c.Mitochondria and chloroplasts both have their own circular DNA and 70S ribosomes that are similar to those found in bacteria.
d.Mitochondria and chloroplasts replicate by a process similar to mitosis.
Explanation:
Endosymbiotic theory states that mitochondria and chloroplast which are organelles of eukaryotic cells were once independently living micro-organisms but with due course of time eukaryotic cells engulfed them and they become an integral part of these eukaryotic cells.
The resemblance between mitochondrial genes with those of proteobacteria and chloroplast genes with photosynthetic bacteria strongly support endosymbiotic theory. Apart from this, the presence of their own DNA that too circular just like prokaryotic microbes and 70 S ribosomes also support this theory. Also just like prokaryotic cells, before cell division mitochondria and chloroplasts undergo replication by means of a process known as binary fission.
The answer is B) metaphase
Answer:
A. Molecular changes such as extracellular signals on extracellular ligands can result in quick changes in cell behaviour. One example is insulin. Upon insulin binding on the receptor on the cell membrane, the cell release GLUT4 transporters (for muscle cells) to increase uptake of glucose.
B. Slow changes in cell behaviour can be observed for other lipophilic hormones or intracellular receptors such as glucocoortoid or estrogen which reacts with receptors in the cells.
C. Insulin is required to maintain a constant blood glucose level and hence levels of insulin has to be mediated in correspondence to the blood glucose levels. Fast acting signalling is thus required for homeostasis of blood glucose levels. Where for such lipophilic hormones such as steriods, glucocortoid, these hormones tend to have a longer lasting effect and hence results in a slow change.
