In literary terms, it's most like a decision. If this is referring to conclusions in science, however, it is closer to a prediction.
C- By focusing on topics that are controversial
The correct answer is A. The author appeals to the audience's values by saying, "Others simply do not care."
Explanation
Pathos is a rhetorical device used as a means of argument to make sense of the purpose of a speech through values and emotions. According to the above, in the text presented the author makes use of Pathos by using the sentence "Others simply do not care" seeking to move the feelings of the audience to support her proposal "Hence, one must accept the proposition that a difference there will be by the presence of women and people of color on the bench". So, the correct respect is A.
C. Either
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