Answer:
At least 17 PCR cycles or 16 PCR cycles
Explanation:
As we know - 
In one chain of  heating and cooling  of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the strands of DNA gets doubled. 
The general mathematical representation of this is 

where "n" is the number of PCR cycles. 
It is given that DNA strands  to be produced is 16 times the original quantity of DNA. 
So the PCR cycle must be carried out at least 17 times in order to have DNA strand not less  than 16 times the original quantity of DNA
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
So one partner has genotype: Aa or AA while the other without dimples has: aa
There can be children with dimples only if the first partner with dimples has as genotype Aa. 
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Heat
Explanation:
In almost all the energy conversion process some of energy is lost in the form of heat.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Only the bases varies from one nucleotide to another.
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
An adaptation is a trait an animal has, physical or behavioral, that helps it survive or act in unique ways.