Answer:
This is a metaphor.
Explanation:
When you compare something to something else, without using "like" or "as", it is a metaphor. In this situation, the argument was so loud and angry, it was like a thunderstorm. Imagine with rain pelting down, and thunder and lightening. Big, loud, and scary.
Shakespeare wrote in the time period of when England was expanding. Another way you could phrase it is during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I.