The cartoon shows Metaphase I.
Metaphase I has homologous chromosomes that line up at the middle while Metaphase II has single chromosomes that line up at the middle.
Some activities that cell requires energy may include cell division, active transport, protein synthesis etc.
In human, Cells get their energy by the food we eat. The nutrients in the food breaks down into soluble and simple molecules in stomach and small intestine and it is absorbed through the small intestine and assimilated into the cells, becoming part of it, providing the uses for each type of nutrient. And of course, many of them is the energy source.
The gene p53, also called the guardian of the genome is located on the 17th chromosome in human genomes.
It was given this alternative name because it has a role in response to damage of DNA molecule and in preventing cancer.
The protein product of this gene stops the replication of damaged DNA, activates proteins that repair the DNA damage and if the reparation proteins fail to fix the damage it activates the process of apoptosis or so-called cell death in order to prevent the damaged cell to proliferate and potentially develop into a tumor.
