Quaternary or fourth order consumers are those who occupy the fourth position in the trophic level or food chain, that is, they are species or organisms that feed on tertiary consumers
Ricin comes under the category of functionally related toxins, in a combination known as RIPs (ribosome inactivating proteins). This disables ribosomes and stops the process of protein synthesis.
They directly associate with and inactivate the ribosomes or modify the factors taking part in the process of translation, generally the elongation step. These proteins bring about depurination of adenine at position 4324 in the 28 S rRNA.
This further inhibits the generation of a critical-stem-loop configuration to which the elongation factor is considered to combine at the time of the translocation step of translation. The ultimate outcome of this activity is the complete inhibition of cellular translation.
Answer:
G1 - S - G2 (may be is option D)
Explanation:
The interface begins with phase G1 where the cell increases its volume and the mass is doubled.
Then, we continue with the S phase where DNA and histones are synthesized.
Afterwardsy we reach the G2 phase where the chromosomes are duplicated.
Finally we reach, the begining of mitosis.
protein digestion begins when you first start chewing. there are two enzymes in your salvia called amylase and lipase. they most break down carbohydrates and fats. Once a protein source reaches your stomach, hydrochloric acid enzymes called proteases break it down into smaller chains of amino acids
