Answer: It provides protection of the body by white blood cells, antibodies, and complement proteins that circulate in the blood and defend the body against foreign microbes and toxins. Clotting mechanisms are also present that protect the body from blood loss after injuries.
Answer & explanation:
The primary structure of a protein can be defined as the main chain of the protein formed by the binding of amino acids and which shows the sequence in which they appear is called the primary structure of the protein.
The secondary structure usually results from the hydrogen bonds that occur between the hydrogen (H) of the amino group (-NH) of one amino acid and the oxygen (O) of the carbonyl (C = O) of another.
The most common secondary structures are alpha helices, which look like springs (found in the keratin in our hair) and the beta pleated sheets, like folded sheets of paper (an example is the fibroin found in a spider's web or the cocoon of a moth).
The tertiary structure is formed when the primary structures of proteins fold over themselves.
This structure is usually the result of sulfur bonds, known as disulfide bonds, but other bonds, such as those made by metal atoms, can occur.
An example of a tertiary structure protein is <u>myoglobin</u>, which acts as a reserve of oxygen in the muscles of mammals.
Answer:
Operons afford the organism the opportunity to simultaneously regulate transcription of multiple genes, whose products are active in the same process.
Explanation:
Operon is the group of related genes and the operator and promoter sequences that regulate their expression. All the genes in an operon are expressed together and are under the regulation of the same promoter and operator sequences.
Operons consist of the genes that are involved in related metabolic pathways. For example, the genes that code for the enzymes of lactose catabolism are expressed together as lac operon. It allows simultaneous expression of the genes of lactose catabolism only when lactose is present in the medium. Similarly, these genes are inhibited simultaneously in absence of lactose by binding of repressor protein to the operator sequence.
