Activation energy is the minimum quantity of energy that the reacting species must possess in order to undergo a specified reaction.
for example , striking a match on the side of a matchbox provides the activation energy, in the form of heat produced by friction.
Meiosis produces four genetically different haploid cells.
Explanation:
When current passes through the wires inside the bulb, electrical energy changes into heat energy and light energy. ... All parts of a circuit must be connected in order for current to flow through the circuit.
Answer:
The elements in increasing order of atomic radius: oxygen, carbon, aluminum, potassium
Explanation:
The distance from the center of the nucleus to the outermost shell of the electron is known as the atomic radius of an element. The atomic radius decreases rightward along each period (row) of the table due to the increase in effective nuclear charge (the charge of the nucleus equal to the number of protons). Across a period, electrons are added to the same energy level and the increasing number of protons causes the nucleus to exert more pull on these electrons, which makes the atomic radius smaller. Atomic radius increases down each group (column) of the periodic table because of the addition of electrons to higher energy levels, which are further away from the nucleus and the pull of nucleus weakens. Another reason for the increase in atomic radius is the electron shielding effect, which is the reduction of the attractive force between a nucleus and its outer electrons due to the blocking effect of inner electrons
While moving from left to right in the second period, c
arbon comes before oxygen and so oxygen will have a smaller atomic radius than carbon. While moving down the periodic table, al
uminum comes before potassium even if they are not in the same period. So aluminum
's atomic radius will be smaller than that of potassium but bigger than that of carbon and oxygen.
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Answer:
cAMP dependent pathway is important for processing of life.
Explanation:
cAMP pathway is also called as adenynyl cyclase pathway.
This mechanism requires different steps like-
- G protein coupled receptor is a integral protein that is activated by different external stimuli which binds with the specific ligand.
- Extracellular ligand causes activation of GPCR which in turn is responsible for conformational change in the receptor and allows it to bind with the intracellular heterotrimeric G protein complex.
- The Gα stimulate G protein complex to exchange GDP for GTP and then the complex is released.
- Activated Gα binds with adenylate cyclase and catalyzes ATP to form cyclic AMP.
- Activation of cAMP leads to the activation of nucleotide gated ion channel, and PKa(Protein kinase A) which is also called as cAMP dependent enzyme.
- Once, PKA is activated,it causes phospholylation of other proteins like AMPA receptor,transcription factors which regulate gene expression, and convert glycogen into glucose.
